- κραῖρα
- κραῖραGrammatical information: f.Meaning: ἡ κεφαλή, καὶ ἀκροστόλιον; κραῖροι στόλοι νεῶν, μέτωπα, κεφαλαί H.Compounds: Further only as 2, member: ὀρθό-κραιρα `with upright standing horns, beaks' (βοῶν, νεῶν ὀρθο-κραιράων Hom., verse-end); ἐυ-κραιρα `with beautiful horns' (βουσὶν ἐϋκραίρῃσιν h. Merc. 209); ἡμί-κραιρα `half head, half-head' (com., inscr.); μελάγ-κραιρα `with black heads' (Lyc., [Arist.] Mir.); δί-κραιρα `forked' (A. R.). - εὔ-κραιρος f. (A., Opp., Tryph.; as v. l. h. Merc. 209); ὀρθό-κραιρος f. (AP); τανύ-κραιρος m. f. `with long horns' (AP, Opp.); δί-κραιρος m. `twohorned' (AP); βοό-, ἰσό-, ὁμό- κραιρος (Nonn.). With transfer to the nom. in -ης, -ητος : εὑκραίρης (Max. 84).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [574] *ḱerh₂- `head, horn'Etymology: The apparent simplices κραῖρα and κραῖρος are clearly taken from compp. Old is only the feminine form -κραιρα. To this was after the other compound adj. created a genus-indifferent -κραιρος, which eventually survived. - As feminines ὀρθό-κραιρα etc. agree with formations like πίειρα, πρῳ̃ρα, which with ια-suffix were built to an ρ-stem, which itself variated with an ν-stem (πίων, πρώων) and also could change with an σ-stem (Skt. pī́vas- n. `fat' beside πίων, πίειρα; κῦδος : κυδρός : κυδαίνω). That -κραιρα belongs to κέρας (, κάρα)̄, orig. σ-stem, is since long recognized; as basic form we can posit *krh₂-s-r-ih₂ \> *κρᾱh-αρ-yα; the -ᾱ- was regularly shortened before -ρι̯-. Thus, but with several modifications, Danielsson Gramm. u. et. Stud. 1, 33f., Wackernagel BB 4, 312, Brugmann MU 2, 242f. a. IF 18, 432 n. 1 , Bechtel Lex. Recently this very complicated form was extensively discussed in Nussbaum, Head and Horn (1985) 222-247,See also: s. ὀρθόκραιρα.Page in Frisk: 2,4-5
Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). Robert S.P.. 2010.